{"id":8937,"date":"2014-06-24T23:53:10","date_gmt":"2014-06-24T15:53:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bohu.net\/blog\/?p=8937"},"modified":"2014-06-24T23:53:10","modified_gmt":"2014-06-24T15:53:10","slug":"%e4%b8%80%e4%ba%9b%e8%bd%af%e4%bb%b6%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e5%8e%9f%e5%88%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/as32.net\/blog\/8937\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u51fa\u81ea\uff1ahttp:\/\/blog.jobbole.com\/685\/<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5bfc\u8bfb\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/coolshell.cn\/articles\/4535.html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">\u9177\u58f3\u7f51\u7684\u9648\u7693<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u5176\u64cd\u4f5c\u6280\u80fd\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5c42\u529b\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u5bb6\u4ece\u4e2d\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u6587\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u524d\u672c\u7ad9\u5411\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4f18\u8d28\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5341\u8beb\u548cUnix\u4f20\u5947(\u4e0b\u7bc7)\u4e2d\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\u7684UNIX\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u3002\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u5bb6\u4ece\u4e2d\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e86\u89e3\u5230 \u4e00\u4e9b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u5728\u300a<a href=\"http:\/\/blog.jobbole.com\/650\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">\u518d\u8c08\u201c\u6211\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u62db\u8058\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u5176\u64cd\u4f5c\u6280\u80fd\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5c42\u529b\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u5728\u8fd9 \u91cc\u60f3\u548c\u5927\u5bb6\u8bf4\u8bf4\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u957f\u671f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u6559\u6761\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8fd8\u662f \u8981\u591a\u591a\u8003\u8651\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4e0d\u5355\u5355\u53ea\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u5176\u5b83\u751f\u4ea7\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Don\u2019t Repeat Yourself(DRY)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>DRY\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6cd5\u5219\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u96be\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u7684\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u8981\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6cdb\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u505a\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u5bb9\u6613 \u7684\u4e8b\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5171\u6027\u62bd\u8c61\u51fa\u6765\u5f62\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6539\u53d8\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u4ee3\u7801 \u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e9b\u5408\u9002\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Don%27t_repeat_yourself\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Don%27t_repeat_yourself<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Keep It Simple, Stupid (KISS)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>KISS\u539f\u5219\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u6700\u88ab\u63a8\u5d07\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u5bb6\u88c5\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u754c\u9762\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u88ab\u4f17\u4eba\u6240BS\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u88ab\u4eba\u6240\u8ba4\u53ef\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8fd9\u4e9bUI\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f51\u9875\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u65b0\u6d6a\u7684\u7f51\u9875\uff09 \u8005\u662f\u8d1f\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u201c\u5b9c\u5bb6\u201d\uff08IKEA\uff09\u7b80\u7ea6\u3001\u6548\u7387\u7684\u5bb6\u5c45\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u601d\u8def\uff1b\u201c\u5fae\u8f6f\u201d\uff08Microsoft\uff09\u201c\u6240\u89c1\u5373\u6240\u5f97\u201d\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff1b\u201c\u8c37\u6b4c\u201d\uff08Google) \u7b80\u7ea6\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u65e0\u4e00\u4f8b\u5916\u7684\u9075\u5faa\u4e86\u201ckiss\u201d\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u201ckiss\u201d\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u770b\u4f3c\u795e\u5947\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u7ecf\u5178\u3002\u800c\u82f9\u679c\u516c\u53f8\u7684iPhone\/iPad \u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u5b9e\u8df5\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u81f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u60c5\u641e\u590d\u6742\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e8b\u53d8\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/KISS_principle\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/KISS_principle<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Program to an interface, not an implementation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u6ce8\u91cd\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5219\u662f\u591a\u79cd\u591a\u6837\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u540e\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684SOLID\u539f\u5219\u4e2d\u4f1a\u63d0\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5012\u7f6e\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u7684\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6837\u5b50\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u539f\u5219\u53eb<strong>Composition over inheritance<\/strong>\uff08\u559c\u6b22\u7ec4\u5408\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7ee7\u627f\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u6761\u662f\u90a323\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Command-Query Separation (CQS)\u2013\u547d\u4ee4-\u67e5\u8be2\u5206\u79bb\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u6765\u56de\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u5177\u6709\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff1b<br \/>\n\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u5177\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7eaf\u7684Command\u6a21\u5f0f\u6216\u8005\u662f\u7eaf\u7684Query\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u63a5\u53e3\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f7f\u63a5\u53e3\u5355\u4e00\u5316\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1 \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u8005\u662f\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u67e5\u8be2\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a \u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u8981\u89c6\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u5b9a\uff0c\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u6e05\u6670\u6027\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u9700\u8981\u6743\u8861\u3002\u5c06Command\u548cQuery\u529f\u80fd\u5408\u5e76\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u6e05\u6670\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4fbf\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e76\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u662f\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u539f\u5219\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u547d\u4ee4\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6709\u5219\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Command-query_separation\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Command-query_separation<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>You Ain\u2019t Gonna Need It(YAGNI)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\u4e3a\u2014\u2014\u53ea\u8003\u8651\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u53ea\u5b9e\u73b0\u76ee\u524d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5728\u4ee5\u540e\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u65e0\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u52ff\u589e\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u5148\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u6c9f\u901a\u535a\u5f08\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u524d\u672c\u7ad9\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u8fc7\u5ea6\u91cd\u6784\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u7684\u53cd\u4f8b\u3002\u800c\uff0cWebSphere\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u8fc7\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u6216\u662f\u67b6\u6784\u5e08\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u5f88\u591a\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u9762\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u6298\u8877\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5bfc\u81f4\u9879\u76ee\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u8bbd\u523a\u7684\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u672c\u6765\u5e0c\u671b\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5ef6\u957f\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u53cd\u800c\u7f29\u77ed\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/You_Ain%27t_Gonna_Need_It\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/You_Ain%27t_Gonna_Need_It<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Law of Demeter\u2013\u8fea\u7c73\u7279\u6cd5\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fea\u7c73\u7279\u6cd5\u5219(Law of Demeter)\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u201c\u6700\u5c11\u77e5\u8bc6\u539f\u5219\u201d\uff08Principle of Least Knowledge\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e1987\u5e74\u8377\u5170\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505aDemeter\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002Craig Larman\u628aLaw of Demeter\u53c8\u79f0\u4f5c\u201c\u4e0d\u8981\u548c\u964c\u751f\u4eba\u8bf4\u8bdd\u201d\u3002\u5728\u300a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u4fee\u70bc\u4e4b\u9053\u300b\u4e2d\u8bb2LoD\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u7ae0\u53eb\u4f5c\u201c\u89e3\u8026\u5408\u4e0e\u8fea\u7c73\u7279\u6cd5\u5219\u201d\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8fea\u7c73\u7279\u6cd5\u5219\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f88\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8ba9\u4f60\u7684\u72d7\u8dd1\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u5bf9\u72d7\u72d7\u8bf4\u8fd8\u662f\u5bf9\u56db\u6761\u72d7\u817f\u8bf4\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53bb\u5e97\u91cc\u4e70\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u628a\u94b1\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5e97\u5458\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u628a\u94b1\u5305\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5e97\u5458\u8ba9\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u62ff\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u548c\u72d7\u7684\u56db\u80a2\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff1f\u8ba9\u5e97\u5458\u81ea\u5df1\u4ece\u94b1\u5305\u91cc\u62ff\u94b1\uff1f\u8fd9\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u6709\u70b9\u8352\u5510\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u89c1\u602a\u4e0d\u602a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8eLoD\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u2018O\u2019\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u2018M\u2019\uff0cM\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u80fd\u591f\u8bbf\u95ee\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1.\u5bf9\u8c61O\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>2.\u4e0eO\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u7684Component Object\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>3.\u7531\u65b9\u6cd5M\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u8005\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>4.\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b9\u6cd5M\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u300a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.cn\/mn\/detailApp\/ref=as_li_qf_sp_asin_tl?_encoding=UTF8&amp;tag=vastwork-23&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;asin=B0031M9GHC&amp;camp=536&amp;creative=3200&amp;creativeASIN=B0031M9GHC\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">Clean Code(\u4ee3\u7801\u6574\u6d01\u4e4b\u9053)<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5Apache framework\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86LoD\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"CODE\">final String outputDir = ctxt.getOptions().getScratchDir().getAbsolutePath();<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e48\u957f\u7684\u4e00\u4e32\u5bf9\u5176\u5b83\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u2026\u2026\u7684\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u590d\u6742\u3001\u50f5\u5316\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u300a\u91cd\u6784\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u73af\u5473\u9053\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u53eb\u505a\u201cFeature Envy\u201d(\u4f9d\u604b\u60c5\u7ed3\uff09\uff0c\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86LoC\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002Feature Envy\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5bf9\u5176\u5b83\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u66f4\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8001\u662f\u7fa1\u6155\u522b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6210\u5458\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u6216\u8005\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5927\u8001\u8fdc\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u4eba\u5bb6\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u663e\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e94\u8be5\u5199\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u201c\u5bb3\u7f9e\u201d\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u50cf\u524d\u9762\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e0d\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u5f53\u5916\u4eba\u7684\u5e97\u5458\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u62ff\u8fc7\u5ba2\u4eba\u7684\u94b1\u5305\u81ea\u5df1\u628a\u94b1\u62ff\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u201c\u5bb3\u7f9e\u201d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u4ea4 \u8c08\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5e94\u8be5\u8c03\u6574\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8ba9\u90a3\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u81ea\u5df1\u62e5\u6709\u5b83\u7fa1\u6155\u7684feature\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u7406\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982Facade\u548cMediator\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Principle_of_Least_Knowledge\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Principle_of_Least_Knowledge<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684S.O.L.I.D\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\u8fd9\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e94\u5927\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u53ef\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Single Responsibility Principle (SRP)\u2013\u804c\u8d23\u5355\u4e00\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u5355\u4e00\u804c\u8d23\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u662f\uff1a<strong>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ea\u505a\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u505a\u597d\uff0c\u5176\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f15\u8d77\u5b83\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u539f\u56e0<\/strong>\u3002\u5355\u4e00\u804c \u8d23\u539f\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4f4e\u8026\u5408\u3001\u9ad8\u5185\u805a\u5728\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u7684\u5f15\u7533\uff0c\u5c06\u804c\u8d23\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5f15\u8d77\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5185\u805a\u6027\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u5f15\u8d77\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u804c\u8d23\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u5b83\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u539f \u56e0\u5c31\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u804c\u8d23\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6781\u5927\u7684\u635f\u4f24\u5176\u5185\u805a\u6027\u548c\u8026\u5408\u5ea6\u3002\u5355\u4e00\u804c\u8d23\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u8981\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd \u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4f53\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f15\u8d77\u5b83\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Unix\/Linux\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u5219\u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4f53\u73b0\u8005\u3002\u5404\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u72ec\u7acb\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Windows\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u5219\u7684\u53cd\u9762\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u4ea4\u7ec7\u8026\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Open\/Closed Principle (OCP)\u2013\u5f00\u95ed\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u5c01\u95ed\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u662f\uff1a\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c<strong>\u5bf9\u6269\u5c55\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4fee\u6539\u662f\u5c01\u95ed\u7684<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6269\u5c55\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6216\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u65b0\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4fee\u6539\u5c01\u95ed\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7c7b\u4e00\u65e6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u5b8c\u6210\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8981\u5bf9\u7c7b\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f60\u4f9d\u8d56\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c23\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9bAPI\u9700\u8981\u4f60\u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u7684C\u8bed\u8a00\u7684qsort()\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5668\u201d\uff0cSTL\u4e2d\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\uff0cACE\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u9501\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u65b9\u9762\uff0c \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u63d2\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Liskov substitution principle (LSP)\u2013\u91cc\u6c0f\u4ee3\u6362\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u5927\u5e08Robert C. Martin\u628a\u91cc\u6c0f\u4ee3\u6362\u539f\u5219\u6700\u7ec8\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff1a\u201cSubtypes must be substitutable for their base types\u201d\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u5b50\u7c7b\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u591f\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u57fa\u7c7b\u3002\u5373\uff1a\u5b50\u7c7b\u5e94\u8be5\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u4efb\u4f55\u57fa\u7c7b\u80fd\u591f\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7ecf\u8fc7\u66ff\u6362\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u8fd8\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5 \u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0if\/else\u4e4b\u7c7b\u5bf9\u5b50\u7c7b\u7c7b\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u91cc\u6c0f\u66ff\u6362\u539f\u5219LSP\u662f\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u7b26\u5408\u5f00\u95ed\u539f\u5219\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53ef\u66ff\u6362\u6027\u624d\u4f7f\u5f97\u7236\u7c7b \u578b\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5728\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\u6765\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u70b9\u6559\u6761\u5316\uff0c\u6211\u975e\u5e38\u5efa\u8bae\u5927\u5bb6\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u4e2a\u4e24\u4e2a\u6700\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u2014\u2014\u201c\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62\u4e0d\u662f\u957f\u65b9\u5f62\u201d\u548c\u201c\u9e35\u9e1f\u4e0d\u662f\u9e1f\u201d\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u660e\u767d \u300a\u58a8\u5b50\u5c0f\u53d6\u300b\u4e2d\u8bf4\u7684\u2014\u2014\u201c\u5a23\uff0c\u7f8e\u4eba\u4e5f\uff0c\u7231\u5a23\uff0c\u975e\u7231\u7f8e\u4eba\u4e5f\u2026.\u76d7\uff0c\u4eba\u4e5f\uff1b\u6076\u76d7\uff0c\u975e\u6076\u4eba\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\u2014\u2014\u59b9\u59b9\u867d\u7136\u662f\u7f8e\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u559c\u6b22\u59b9\u59b9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u559c\u6b22\u7f8e\u4eba\u3002\u76d7\u8d3c\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46 \u8ba8\u538c\u76d7\u8d3c\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5c31\u8ba8\u538c\u4eba\u7c7b\u3002<strong>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u8ba9\u4f60\u8003\u8651\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u73af\u5883<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u521d\u671f\u6211\u4eec\u7c7b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u660e\u786e\uff0cLSP\u5219\u7ed9\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u5224\u65ad\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7c7b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u57fa\u51c6\uff1a\u9700\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u600e\u6837\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Interface Segregation Principle (ISP)\u2013\u63a5\u53e3\u9694\u79bb\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u53e3\u9694\u79bb\u539f\u5219\u610f\u601d\u662f\u628a\u529f\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u63a5\u53e3\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6bd4\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u603b\u63a5\u53e3\u8981\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u7535\u8111\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u5199\u4f5c\uff0c\u901a\u8baf\uff0c\u770b\u7535\u5f71\uff0c\u6253\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u4e0a\u7f51\uff0c\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7b49\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u90fd\u58f0\u660e\u5728\u7535\u8111\u7684\u62bd\u7c7b\u91cc \u9762\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e0a\u7f51\u672c\uff0cPC\u673a\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u90fd\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u592a\u590d\u6742\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5176\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u63a5\u53e3\u9694\u79bb\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u5de5 \u4f5c\u5b66\u4e60\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u7f16\u7a0b\u5f00\u53d1\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4e0a\u7f51\u5a31\u4e50\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u6570\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7535\u8111\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6240\u9009\u62e9\u5730\u7ee7\u627f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u6211\u4eec\u201c\u642d\u79ef\u6728\u5f0f\u201d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cJava\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cdEvent Listener\u548cAdapter\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7248\u672c\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dependency Inversion Principle(DIP)\u2013\u4f9d\u8d56\u5012\u7f6e\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u9ad8\u5c42\u6a21\u5757\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4f4e\u5c42\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5c42\u62bd\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5899\u9762\u7684\u5f00\u5173\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7535\u706f\u7684\u5f00\u5173\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u5f00\u5173\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6269\u5c55\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5f00\u5173\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236 \u5176\u5b83\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u706f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7535\u5668\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u7535\u706f\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u7535\u5668\u7ee7\u627f\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5f00\u5173\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5f00\u5173\u4ea7\u5546\u5c31\u53ef\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5173\u4e8e\u5176\u8981\u63a7\u5236\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5173 \u5fc3\u90a3\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5f00\u5173\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u5012\u7f6e\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u540e\u9762\u7684web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5176\u53ea\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8eHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u592a\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5206\u5de5\u5316\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solid_%28object-oriented_design\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solid_(object-oriented_design)<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Common Closure Principle\uff08CCP\uff09\u2013\u5171\u540c\u5c01\u95ed\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7c7b\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u5316\u5f71\u54cd\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\uff0c\u4fbf\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u5305\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7c7b\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u4e00\u8d77\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff08\u540c \u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u91cc\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5fc5\u987b\u4fee\u6539\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cc\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u90fd\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u91cc\uff08\u4fee\u6539\u5173\u95ed\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u904d\u5e03\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u5305\u91cc\u3002CCP\u539f\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u56e0\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e2a\u540c\u6837\u7684\u539f \u56e0\u800c\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u7ec4\u5408\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u91cc\u3002\u5982\u679c2\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u6216\u8005\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u8054\u7cfb\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u7d27\u5bc6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>CCP\u5ef6\u4f38\u4e86\u5f00\u95ed\u539f\u5219\uff08OCP\uff09\u7684\u201c\u5173\u95ed\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f53\u56e0\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\uff0c\u628a\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u9650\u5236\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5c0f\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5305\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/c2.com\/cgi\/wiki?CommonClosurePrinciple\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">http:\/\/c2.com\/cgi\/wiki?CommonClosurePrinciple<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Common Reuse Principle (CRP)\u2013\u5171\u540c\u91cd\u7528\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5305\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u88ab\u4e00\u8d77\u91cd\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u91cd\u7528\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u5c31\u91cd\u7528\u5168\u90e8\u3002\u6362\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u4e00\u8d77\u91cd\u7528\u7684\u7c7b\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002CRP\u539f\u5219\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u51b3\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b \u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u653e\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u91cc\u3002\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u5c31\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5305\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u5e03\u65b0\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5305\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u5305\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ed6\u4eec \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u5305\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6709\u672a\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u8be5\u7c7b\u662f\u5426\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u6237\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5347\u7ea7\u8be5\u5305\u5e76\u5bf9\u539f\u6765\u7684\u529f\u80fd \u52a0\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>CCP\u5219\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u8005\u53d7\u76ca\u3002CCP\u8ba9\u5305\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5927\uff08CCP\u539f\u5219\u52a0\u5165\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7c7b\uff09\uff0cCRP\u5219\u8ba9\u5305\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0f\uff08CRP\u539f\u5219\u5254\u9664\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7c7b\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u76f8\u4e92\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/c2.com\/cgi\/wiki?CommonReusePrinciple\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">http:\/\/c2.com\/cgi\/wiki?CommonReusePrinciple<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hollywood Principle\u2013\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u539f\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u2014\u2014\u201cdon\u2019t call us,we\u2019ll call you.\u201d\u3002\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u7684\u7ecf\u7eaa\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u53bb\u8054\u7cfb\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6765\u8054\u7cfb\u4f60\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u90fd\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u8c03\u7528\u90fd \u7531\u5bb9\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5904\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u5bb9\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u5bb9\u5668\u63a7\u5236\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4f20\u7edf\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u63a7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u63a7\u5236\u53cd\u8f6c\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6240\u5728\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1.\u4e0d\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>2.\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u7531\u5e94\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u8f6c\u5230\u4e86\u5916\u90e8\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u53cd\u8f6c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u539f\u5219\u5c31\u662fIoC\uff08Inversion of Control\uff09\u6216DI\uff08Dependency Injection\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u539f\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u5f88\u50cf\u4f9d\u8d56\u5012\u7f6e\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4f20\u5165\u8c03\u7528\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff1f\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u5176\u58f0\u660e \u6210\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4f46\u662fIoC\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531Service Container \u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u5b9e\u9645\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u7c7b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u6613\u8bfb\u4e86\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u4f1a\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\uff1a<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hollywood_Principle\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hollywood_Principle<\/span><\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inversion_of_Control\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inversion_of_Control<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>High Cohesion &amp; Low\/Loose coupling &amp; \u2013\u9ad8\u5185\u805a\uff0c\u4f4e\u8026\u5408<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u662fUNIX\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u628a\u6a21\u5757\u95f4\u7684\u8026\u5408\u964d\u5230\u6700\u4f4e\uff0c\u800c\u52aa\u529b\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u505a\u5230\u7cbe\u76ca\u6c42\u7cbe\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5185\u805a\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5185\u5404\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5f7c\u6b64\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u7d27\u5bc6\u7a0b\u5ea6<\/li>\n<li>\u8026\u5408\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\u5185\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e92\u8fde\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5185\u805a\u610f\u5473\u7740\u91cd\u7528\u548c\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u8026\u5408\u610f\u5473\u7740\u591a\u7c73\u8bfa\u6548\u5e94\u7275\u4e00\u53d1\u52a8\u5168\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\uff1a<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coupling_%28computer_science%29\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coupling_(computer_science)<\/span><\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cohesion_%28computer_science%29\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cohesion_(computer_science)<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Convention over Configuration\uff08CoC\uff09\u2013\u60ef\u4f8b\u4f18\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u5355\u70b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5185\u90e8\u7f3a\u7701\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cHibernate\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7ea6\u5b9a\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u548c\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u57fa\u672c \u4e0a\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u8981\u8fd9\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e86\u3002\u4f60\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0dconvention\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u5927\u91cfconvention\u800c\u53c8\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7cbe\u529b\u5570\u91cc\u5570\u55e6 \u7684\u4e1c\u4e1c\u3002\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Rails\u4e2d\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff0cRails\u7684fans\u53f7\u79f0\u671f\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u662fjava\u5f00\u53d1\u768410\u500d\uff0c\u4f30\u8ba1\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9 \u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u3002Maven\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86CoC\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u6267\u884cmvn -compile\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6307\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u800c\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ee5\u540e\u7684class\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662fCoC\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Convention_over_Configuration\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Convention_over_Configuration<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Separation of Concerns (SoC)\u2013\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u5206\u79bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>SoC\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5c06\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u5206\u5f00\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u80fd\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u4e14\u8f83\u5c0f \u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u6613\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u592a\u8fc7\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u70b9\u592a\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u529b \u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6765\u8bf4\u90a3\u4e48\u6709\u9650\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u9650\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u6790\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u6df7 \u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u53ea\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u2014\u2014\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u8bb0\u5f97\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u5c31\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e861\u5e74\u591a\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u672c\u6765\u4e0d\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528SoC\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u5806\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u6ce8\u5165\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u5c31\u5931\u63a7\u4e86\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a1\u5e74\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u505a\u4e863\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u73b0\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u5316\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u4e0e\u5305\u88c5\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5c31\u662f\u5236\u5b9a\u4e00\u5957\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u90fd\u9075\u5b88\u5b83\uff0c\u5c06\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7edf\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f7f\u7528 \u6807\u51c6\u7684\u4eba\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u62c5\u5fc3\u522b\u4eba\u4f1a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u80fd\u548c\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u914d\u5408\u3002Java EE\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5927\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8e\u6807\u51c6\u672c\u8eab\u548c\u4ed6\u6240\u5728\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u9559\u4e1d\u9489\u7684\u4eba\u53ea\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u9559\u4e1d\u9489\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u5173\u6ce8\u9559\u5e3d\u662f\u600e \u4e48\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u9559\u5e3d\u548c\u9559\u4e1d\u9489\u6309\u6807\u6765\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u5408\u5f97\u4e0a\u3002\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u628a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u62bd\u50cf\u5dee\u5305\u88c5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u597d\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u62bd\u50cf\u51fa\u6765\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0 \u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4eba\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u5173\u5fc3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u88ab\u62bd\u50cf\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\uff0c\u7c7b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u518d\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u8bf8\u5982\u7ec4 \u4ef6\uff0c\u5206\u5c42\uff0c\u9762\u5411\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u505a\u62bd\u50cf\u548c\u5305\u88c5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4e0d\u7528\u5173\u5fc3\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<br \/>\n\u8bf4\u767d\u4e86\u8fd8\u662f\u201c\u9ad8\u5185\u805a\uff0c\u4f4e\u8026\u5408\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/sulong.me\/archives\/99\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">http:\/\/sulong.me\/archives\/99<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Design by Contract (DbC)\u2013\u5951\u7ea6\u5f0f\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>DbC\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5bf9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u5408\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u8d23\u4efb\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u4e49\u52a1\u201d\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6bd4\u55bb\u4ece\u5546\u4e1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u201c\u5ba2\u6237\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u201d\u8fbe\u6210\u201c\u5951\u7ea6\u201d\u800c\u5f97\u6765\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\n\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b\u67d0\u79cd\u4ea7\u54c1\uff08\u8d23\u4efb\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ed6\u6709\u6743\u671f\u671b\u5ba2\u6237\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ed8\u6b3e\uff08\u6743\u5229\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u5ba2\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u4ed8\u6b3e\uff08\u8d23\u4efb\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u6743\u5f97\u5230\u4ea7\u54c1\uff08\u6743\u5229\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5951\u7ea6\u53cc\u65b9\u5fc5\u987b\u5c65\u884c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u5951\u7ea6\u90fd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u5982\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u89c4\u5b9a\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u8981\uff1a<br \/>\n\u671f\u671b\u6240\u6709\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8fdb\u5165\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5148\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u4e49\u52a1\u548c\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5b83\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u53bb\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u5148\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u8bc1\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\u7ed9\u51fa\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u540e\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\uff08\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u7684\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u4e5f\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u65f6\u5047\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u4e0d\u53d8\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5951\u7ea6\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u5229\u548c\u4e49\u52a1\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u201c\u4e09\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u6765\u603b\u7ed3DbC\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u8981\u7ecf\u5e38\u95ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b83\u671f\u671b\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u5b83\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u5b83\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6839\u636eBertrand Meyer\u6c0f\u63d0\u51fa\u7684DBC\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u7eed\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u8bf4\u660e\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6570\u636e\u7b49\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u5f97\u5230 \u6ee1\u8db3\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u540e\u7eed\u6761\u4ef6\u7528\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6267\u884c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u6b63\u5e38 \u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u628a\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u7eed\u6761\u4ef6\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u7ee7\u627f\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b50\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u8be5\u6ee1\u8db3\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1.\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5f3a\u4e8e\u57fa\u7c7b\uff0e<\/li>\n<li>2.\u540e\u7eed\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5f31\u4e8e\u57fa\u7c7b\uff0e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u77e5\u9053\u57fa\u7c7b\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u7eed\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7ee7\u627f\u7c7b\u4e0d\u5f97\u8981\u6c42\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u6bd4\u57fa\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ea6 \u5373\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5fc5\u987b\u63a5\u53d7\u4efb\u4f55\u57fa\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u53c2\u6570\uff09\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u7c7b\u5fc5\u987b\u987a\u4ece\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u540e\u7eed\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0d\u5f97\u8fdd\u53cd\u7531\u57fa\u7c7b\u5efa \u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u7ee7\u627f\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u5951\u7ea6\u7684LSP\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u5951\u7ea6\u7684LSP\u662fLSP\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Design_by_contract\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Design_by_contract<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Acyclic Dependencies Principle (ADP)\u2013\u65e0\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5305\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ed3\u6784\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65e0\u73af\u56fe\u5f62\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u51fa\u73b0\u73af\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5305\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u73af\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u6253\u7834\u8fd9\u79cd\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d \u8d56\u5462\uff1f\u67092\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u7834\u8fd9\u79cd\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u5982\u679cA\u3001B\u3001C\u5f62\u6210\u73af\u8def\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5171\u540c\u7c7b\u62bd\u51fa\u6765\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5305D\u91cc\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u628a C\u4f9d\u8d56A\u53d8\u6210\u4e86C\u4f9d\u8d56D\u4ee5\u53caA\u4f9d\u8d56D\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528DIP\uff08\u4f9d\u8d56\u5012\u7f6e\u539f\u5219\uff09\u548cISP\uff08\u63a5\u53e3\u5206\u9694\u539f\u5219\uff09\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\u539f\u5219\uff08ADP\uff09\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u51b3\u5305\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u8026\u5408\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5757\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/c2.com\/cgi\/wiki?AcyclicDependenciesPrinciple\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0099cc;\">http:\/\/c2.com\/cgi\/wiki?AcyclicDependenciesPrinciple<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e9b\u5b66\u9662\u6d3e\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u592a\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bf4\u7684\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u6a21\u7cca\u548c\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u662f\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u8c8c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u591agoogle\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u90fd\u4e0d\u96be\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8981\u7528\u597d\u5374\u5e76\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u8981\u80fd\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u7528\u5f97\u597d\u7528\u5f97\u7cbe\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6559\u6761\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\uff08\u6211\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff09<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1.\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u7c97\u6d45\u6216\u662f\u8868\u9762\u5730\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/li>\n<li>2.\u4f46\u4e0d\u8981\u6025\u7740\u9a6c\u4e0a\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li>3.\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u603b\u7ed3\u522b\u4eba\u6216\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>4.\u518d\u56de\u8fc7\u5934\u6765\u4e86\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f60\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5fc3\u5f97\u3002<\/li>\n<li>5.\u6709\u9002\u5ea6\u5730\u53bb\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>6.Goto\u7b2c 3\u6b65\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u51fa\u81ea\uff1ahttp:\/\/blog.jobbole.com\/685\/ \u5bfc\u8bfb\uff1a\u9177\u58f3\u7f51\u7684\u9648\u7693\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u539f &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/as32.net\/blog\/8937\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u201c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u201d<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,23,26,30],"tags":[576,606,613],"class_list":["post-8937","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-18","category-23","category-26","category-30","tag-576","tag-606","tag-613"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/as32.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8937","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/as32.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/as32.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/as32.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/as32.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8937"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/as32.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8937\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/as32.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8937"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/as32.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8937"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/as32.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8937"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}